Okay. So what is the authority for the United States court system
Well, authority for the court system comes from the constitution and the court system that most of us think of is the article three
or the judiciary, the Supreme Court and the subordinate courts to the Supreme Court established under article three
Well, in reality, Article three just grants the authority for the establishment of the Supreme Court and it also grants in Congress
the ability to create subordinate or ancillary courts as it deems necessary
Well, the Supreme Court cannot hear all matters or cases between individuals
So Congress creates courts below the U S Supreme court, the district Courts of appeal and the
I mean, excuse me, the circuit courts of appeal and the district courts for the try try for the trial appeal and
and uh ultimate um uh determination of federal cases. Okay. So in this way
this is the article three judiciary, um courts that fall directly under the
the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under that line of, of authority
Well, article one also allows in the president, the execution of laws and ARC one has been interpreted to allow
for the administrative agencies formed under the president's authority to have tribunals or uh as they're commonly
referred to as uh administrative courts. Okay. Well, these are known as article one courts because the courts
that fall under the President's express authority and executing the laws of the country
Um Again, our um our powers granted by article one of the constitution
Now, these include the tribunals that are formed by the administrative courts and then some special courts that are specifically um um under
the purview of the president, which would include immigration courts, bankruptcy courts
Um and also uh military courts martial are included. These are all examples of article one courts because they are under
the executive authority. Then you have uh the authority under article two to create ancillary courts
Uh Now, uh Congress has specifically created some ancillary courts that address issues of terrorism um
and uh terrorism appeal and international trade or commerce courts. Uh but they generally fall under article three jurisdiction
And then lastly, article four allows for the establishment of territorial courts
courts that are outside the States of the United States. But um are present in
in territories or provinces that are, are under the protection of the United States
Uh Take, for example, uh Guam has a article for court uh that um has general
authority vested from that section of the constitution as it's not a state and
and doesn't necessarily fall under article three. Okay. So that's the breakdown of where courts form
So just understand that most courts um are commonly understood as article three courts
but there are a number of specialty administrative courts that fall under the purview of the president
So article one also has a number of courts